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A comprehensive study of calcific aortic stenosis: from rabbit to human samples
Laura Mourino-Alvarez1, Montserrat Baldan-Martin1, Tamara Sastre-Oliva1
1Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
Disease Models & Mechanisms
|May 13, 2018
Summary
Researchers identified three key proteins in calcific aortic stenosis (CAS) tissue that appear in plasma. This protein panel shows promise as a non-invasive biomarker for diagnosing CAS in both rabbits and humans.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Biomarker Discovery
- Proteomics
Background:
- Calcific aortic stenosis (CAS) incidence is rising globally, particularly in elderly populations.
- CAS presents significant public health challenges due to comorbidities in older patients.
- Identifying non-invasive biomarkers for CAS is crucial for early diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize protein alterations in calcified aortic valve tissue.
- To identify plasma proteins as potential non-invasive biomarkers for CAS.
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility of these biomarkers in rabbit and human subjects.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a rabbit model of CAS.
- Analyzed aortic valve tissue using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis.
- Employed selected reaction monitoring to quantify protein levels in plasma.
- Corroborated findings in human plasma samples.
Main Results:
- Eight proteins were differentially expressed in CAS tissue.
- Three proteins—transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase, tropomyosin α-1 chain, and L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain—were altered in both rabbit and human plasma.
- A panel of these three proteins demonstrated significant discriminative power for CAS detection.
Conclusions:
- A molecular panel of three proteins associated with osteoblastic differentiation shows potential as a serum indicator for CAS.
- These proteins could serve as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for CAS.
- The findings support the clinical translation of this protein panel for CAS diagnosis.
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