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Current concepts and future perspectives in computer-assisted navigated total knee replacement.

Tomoyuki Matsumoto1, Naoki Nakano2,3, John E Lawrence3

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Computer navigation systems improve alignment in total knee replacements (TKR), reducing errors. However, limited long-term clinical benefits and higher costs mean they are unlikely to become widespread soon.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Total knee replacement (TKR) aims to improve joint stability and patient quality of life.
  • Computer-assisted navigation systems are emerging technologies for TKR to minimize surgical errors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence on navigation systems in TKR.
  • To discuss the current and future applications of navigation systems in TKR.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing evidence.
  • Analysis of the role of navigation systems in TKR procedures.

Main Results:

  • Navigation systems significantly reduce outliers in mechanical axis and coronal prosthetic alignment.
  • Objective soft tissue balancing assessment is an advantage of navigation systems.
  • Limited evidence shows long-term clinical benefits; short-term outcome improvements are minimal.

Conclusions:

  • Navigation systems offer technical advantages in component positioning for TKR.
  • Consideration of clinical implications, costs, and learning curves is crucial.
  • Wider adoption is unlikely due to cost, operative time, and competing technologies.