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Measuring Relative Insulin Secretion using a Co-Secreted Luciferase Surrogate
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Increase in insulin secretion and decrease in muscle degradation by fat-free milk intake are attenuated by physical

Tetsuo Yamada1, Masami Matsuzaki1, Akira Tanaka2

  • 1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Kanto Gakuin University, Yokohama, Japan.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|May 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Consuming branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-rich milk boosts insulin and muscle protein anabolism. However, exercise diminishes these benefits by increasing catecholamine levels, impacting metabolic and locomotive health.

Keywords:
3-Methyl-histidineC-peptide immunoreactivityCatecholamineExerciseFat-free milkInsulin

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Area of Science:

  • * Nutritional biochemistry
  • * Exercise physiology
  • * Metabolic disorders

Background:

  • * Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and exercise have contrasting effects on insulin secretion but similar effects on protein anabolism.
  • * Investigating the interplay between dietary protein (BCAA-rich milk) and exercise is crucial for understanding metabolic and locomotive health.
  • * Dietary and exercise interventions are key to managing metabolic and locomotive disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To determine the impact of BCAA-rich fat-free milk intake on insulin secretion.
  • * To evaluate the effects of BCAA-rich fat-free milk and/or exercise on muscle protein metabolism.
  • * To assess the combined efficacy of dietary and exercise therapies for metabolic and locomotive disorders.

Main Methods:

  • * Eight healthy adult females participated in four 24-hour experiments.
  • * Diets included a control and a fat-free milk-supplemented diet, with and without exercise.
  • * Urine and fasting blood samples were collected for analysis.

Main Results:

  • * Fat-free milk intake significantly increased urinary C-peptide, serum insulin, and decreased urinary 3-methyl-histidine.
  • * Milk intake also led to lower urinary adrenaline and dopamine excretion.
  • * Exercise attenuated these effects, increasing urinary adrenaline and noradrenaline.

Conclusions:

  • * BCAA-rich fat-free milk enhances insulin secretion and suppresses muscle protein breakdown.
  • * Exercise counteracts these beneficial effects by increasing catecholamine secretion.
  • * The study highlights the complex interactions between diet, exercise, and hormonal responses in metabolic regulation.