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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

A High-Throughput Enzyme-Coupled Activity Assay to Probe Small Molecule Interaction with the dNTPase SAMHD1
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Fish SAMHD1 performs as an activator for IFN expression.

Meifeng Li1, Xiaowen Xu1, Zeyin Jiang1

  • 1College of Life Science, Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.

Developmental and Comparative Immunology
|May 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Grass carp Sterile Alpha Motif and Histidine-Aspartate Domain 1 protein (SAMHD1) activates innate immunity. It interacts with STING, enhancing antiviral responses via intracellular signaling pathways.

Keywords:
FishInnate immunePRRSAMHD1STING

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Fish Virology

Background:

  • Sterile Alpha Motif and Histidine-Aspartate Domain 1 protein (SAMHD1) is a host factor involved in antiviral and apoptotic responses in mammals.
  • The specific antiviral mechanism of SAMHD1 in fish remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role and mechanism of Ctenopharyngodon idella SAMHD1 (CiSAMHD1) in fish innate immunity.
  • To elucidate the signaling pathways involved in CiSAMHD1-mediated antiviral responses.

Main Methods:

  • Gene expression analysis in Ctenopharyngodon idella kidney cells (CIKs) after nucleic acid transfection.
  • Subcellular localization assays in Ctenopharyngodon idella ovary cells (COs).
  • Nucleic acid pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays.

Main Results:

  • CiSAMHD1 expression was upregulated upon intracellular transfection with dsRNA analogs (poly I:C, ISD-PS), B-DNA, and Z-DNA.
  • Overexpressed CiSAMHD1 translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm following transfection with these nucleic acids.
  • CiSAMHD1 demonstrated high affinity for B-DNA, Z-DNA, and ISD-PS, and interacted with CiSTING.

Conclusions:

  • CiSAMHD1 functions as an activator of the innate immune response in grass carp.
  • The antiviral mechanism involves intracellular pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-mediated signaling.
  • CiSAMHD1 activates innate immunity through the STING-mediated signaling pathway.