Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Global Climate Change

Global Climate Change

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.

Rates of Change

Rates of Change

The rate of change is a central concept in mathematics that quantifies how one variable varies in response to another. It serves as a foundational tool in modeling dynamic systems across disciplines such as physics, biology, economics, and engineering. Understanding both average and instantaneous rates of change enables the analysis of behavior in functions that describe real-world phenomena.Average Rate of ChangeFor a function f(x) defined over an interval [x1,x2], the average rate of change...

Work Done During Volume Change

Work Done During Volume Change

In mechanics, work is done on an object when the force acting on it displaces the object. In thermodynamics, work done on a system can be estimated when the system's volume changes during any thermodynamic process.
Consider a gas confined to a cylinder fitted with a movable piston at one end. If the gas expands from volume V1 to volume V2, it exerts a force on the piston, such that the piston moves by a distance dr.
The work done by the gas on the piston can be expressed as

Introduction to Urinary System

Introduction to Urinary System

The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space, on either side of the vertebral column, between the T12 and L3 vertebrae. They are partially protected by the rib cage and surrounded by perirenal fat, which provides cushioning. They are responsible for urine formation and play critical roles in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and hormone production. The ureters...

Urinary Bladder

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...

Disorders of the Urinary System

Disorders of the Urinary System

The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Cumulative omeprazole administration is associated with increased hazard of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage detection in Thoroughbred racehorses.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·2026

Same author

Comparison of Aerosolised and Traditional Tumour Margin Inking: A Prospective Blinded Histopathological Review in Canine Skin Tumours.

Veterinary and comparative oncology·2026

Same author

Comment on: Preoperative body mass index reduction and 30-day outcomes after metabolic and bariatric surgery: an MBSAQIP 2015-2023 analysis.

Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery·2026

Same author

Teplizumab (Tzield) for the delay of type 1 diabetes.

JAAPA : official journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants·2026

Same author

The impact of adjuvant anti-obesity medications on 10-year weight loss outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy.

International journal of obesity (2005)·2026

Same author

Coxiella burnetii shedding in dairy cattle and its correlation with humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.

Veterinary microbiology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Does Urinary Bisphenol-A Change after Bariatric Surgery?

Carl L Dambkowski¹, Luis Garcia¹, Natalia Leva²

¹Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.

Journal of the American College of Surgeons

|May 14, 2018

Summary

Surgical weight loss in bariatric patients is associated with decreased bisphenol-A (BPA) levels. Heavier individuals with insulin resistance may store more BPA in fat, leading to lower excretion post-surgery.

More Related Videos

Transurethral Induction of Mouse Urinary Tract Infection

Transurethral Induction of Mouse Urinary Tract Infection

Published on: August 5, 2010

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Published on: January 19, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Transurethral Induction of Mouse Urinary Tract Infection

Transurethral Induction of Mouse Urinary Tract Infection

Published on: August 5, 2010

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Published on: January 19, 2022

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Environmental Health
Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a high-volume chemical linked to obesity and insulin resistance.
Emerging research suggests a connection between BPA exposure and metabolic dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between surgical weight loss and changes in urinary BPA levels.
To explore the relationship between BPA excretion and weight changes in bariatric surgery patients.

Main Methods:

Prospective collection of demographic, urine, and laboratory data from 22 bariatric surgery patients.
Analysis of urinary BPA levels, weight, hemoglobin A1C, fasting insulin, and fasting glucose.
Statistical comparison using Student's t-tests and simple regression analyses.

Main Results:

Urinary BPA excretion was negatively correlated with patient weight at 6 and 12 months post-surgery.
Preoperative BPA excretion was higher in lighter patients compared to heavier patients.
Higher preoperative fasting insulin correlated with reduced BPA excretion at 6 months postoperatively.

Conclusions:

Bariatric surgery and subsequent weight loss are associated with decreased BPA excretion.
Heavier patients with insulin resistance may exhibit higher BPA storage in adipose tissue, resulting in lower urinary excretion.
Findings suggest a dynamic relationship between body fat, insulin resistance, and BPA metabolism.