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Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Chemogenetic Regulation in Reprogrammed Stem Cell-derived Precursor Cells in Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Treating Age-Related Diseases with Somatic Stem Cells.

Robert W Brooks1, Paul D Robbins2

  • 1Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|May 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Aging adult stem cells lose their regenerative potential, contributing to chronic diseases and reduced healthspan. Understanding and reversing this decline is crucial for improving longevity and treating age-related conditions.

Keywords:
AgingMesenchymal Stem CellsSenescenceSenolyticsStem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology and Aging

Background:

  • Increased life expectancy has led to a rise in chronic illnesses.
  • Declining somatic stem cell function is a key factor in age-related tissue degeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms driving age-dependent stem cell dysfunction.
  • To review the role of stem cell dysfunction in the aging process.
  • To discuss therapeutic strategies involving stem cells for aging.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on stem cell aging.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to stem cell dysfunction.
  • Examination of therapeutic applications of stem cells in aging.

Main Results:

  • Aging leads to both qualitative and quantitative declines in somatic stem cell populations.
  • Stem cell dysfunction is a significant contributor to the development of age-related diseases.
  • Therapeutic interventions targeting stem cells show promise for improving healthspan.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing stem cell aging is essential for enhancing overall healthspan.
  • Further research into stem cell dysfunction mechanisms is needed.
  • Developing strategies to prevent or reverse stem cell aging holds therapeutic potential.