Bio-Inspired Protein-Based Nanoformulations for Cancer Theranostics

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Oncology

Background:

• Protein-based nanoformulations have gained significant interest for cancer treatment, inspired by Abraxane's success.
• Current research focuses on developing endogenous protein nanoformulations as theranostics for simultaneous cancer therapy and diagnostics.
• These nanoformulations leverage protein properties for enhanced circulation and tumor penetration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advancements in protein-based nanoformulations for cancer theranostics over the past five years.
• To highlight fine-designed nanoformulations based on specific proteins like albumin, ferritin, gelatin, and transferrin.
• To identify challenges in translating these protein-based nanoformulations from laboratory research to clinical application.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent advancements in protein-based nanoformulations for cancer theranostics.
• Analysis of nanoformulations incorporating dyes, contrast agents, drug payloads, or inorganic nanoclusters.
• Focus on albumin, ferritin, gelatin, and transferrin-based designs.

Main Results:

• Protein nanoformulations demonstrate improved blood circulation time and deep tumor penetration due to their biocompatibility and size.
• Incorporation of stimuli-responsive elements and targeting molecules enhances delivery efficiency.
• Various protein platforms, including albumin, ferritin, gelatin, and transferrin, show promise.

Conclusions:

• Protein-based nanoformulations represent a promising frontier in cancer theranostics, offering targeted and efficient treatment strategies.
• Continued research and development are crucial for overcoming challenges in clinical translation.
• These advanced nanoformulations hold potential for improved cancer patient outcomes.