Drugs to Treat Alcohol Dependence-A Perspective

Despite increased awareness, prevention campaigns, and tighter laws and regulations, alcohol consumption caused an average of 88,000 deaths per year and a burden of $249 billion to the U.S economy in 2010. Only three FDA-approved drugs, disulfiram, naltrexone and acamprosate are available for the treatment of alcohol use disorder. These drugs are only effective modestly and patient compliance is a serious issue because of several adverse side effects, necessitating the developments of newer drugs. The current research drug development efforts remains in the identification new alcohol targets and elucidating the molecular mechanism of its action is needed for effective intervention. In addition, current treatment could be improved by testing the existing medications for comorbid conditions using the patient's genetic background information.