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Ultrastrong Coupling Few-Photon Scattering Theory.
Tao Shi1,2, Yue Chang1,3, Juan José García-Ripoll4
1Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
We investigated photon scattering from a two-level system in the ultrastrong coupling regime. Our model accurately predicts elastic scattering line shapes and can be extended to multiphoton interactions.
Area of Science:
- Quantum optics
- Condensed matter physics
- Circuit quantum electrodynamics
Background:
- Understanding light-matter interactions is crucial in quantum technologies.
- Ultrastrong coupling regimes present unique phenomena in quantum systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the scattering of individual photons by a two-level system.
- To develop a model for predicting scattering line shapes in the ultrastrong coupling regime.
Main Methods:
- Describing the scattering with an effective U(1)-symmetric Hamiltonian.
- Validating the model with experimental data from superconducting circuits.
Main Results:
- The scattering is predominantly elastic for a wide range of couplings.
- The model accurately predicts scattering resonance line shapes up to α=0.3.
- The model is relevant near the Toulouse point (α=1/2) where inelastic scattering emerges.
Conclusions:
- A simple U(1)-symmetric Hamiltonian effectively describes ultrastrong light-matter coupling.
- The findings are applicable to experiments with superconducting circuits.
- The model can be extended to study multiphoton scattering phenomena.
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