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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
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Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

1.4K
A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
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Quantitative Analysis01:12

Quantitative Analysis

1.5K
Quantitative analysis is a technique for measuring the amount of specific constituents in a sample. When the sample's composition is unknown, qualitative analysis is performed first to identify its components, which ensures that the correct substances are measured during the quantitative phase.
In quantitative analysis, two key measurements are made: the sample quantity and a property proportional to the amount of the analyte (the substance being analyzed). This forms the basis of the...
1.5K
Measuring Reaction Rates03:09

Measuring Reaction Rates

31.0K
Polarimetry finds application in chemical kinetics to measure the concentration and reaction kinetics of optically active substances during a chemical reaction. Optically active substances have the capability of rotating the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light passing through them—a feature called optical rotation. Optical activity is attributed to the molecular structure of substances. Normal monochromatic light is unpolarized and possesses oscillations of the electrical...
31.0K
Reaction Stoichiometry02:57

Reaction Stoichiometry

78.2K
A balanced chemical equation provides a great deal of information in a very succinct format. Chemical formulas provide the identities of the reactants and products involved in the chemical change, allowing classification of the reaction. Coefficients provide the relative numbers of these chemical species, allowing a quantitative assessment of the relationships between the amounts of substances consumed and produced by the reaction. These quantitative relationships are known as the reaction’s...
78.2K
Classification of Titrimetric Analysis Based on Reaction Types01:01

Classification of Titrimetric Analysis Based on Reaction Types

1.8K
Titrimetric analysis in solution chemistry involves measuring the volume of solutions and is often called volumetric analysis. The standard solution of known concentration in the burette is called the titrant, whereas the solution of unknown concentration in the flask is called the analyte, or titrand. Titrimetric analyses can be classified into four types based on the reactions between the titrant and analyte.
Titrations between an acid and a base lead to neutralization reactions that form...
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A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer
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Development of Quantitative Analysis Techniques for Saccharification Reactions Using Raman Spectroscopy.

Anggara Maharadika1, Bibin B Andriana1, A B Susanto2

  • 11 Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo, Japan.

Applied Spectroscopy
|May 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Raman spectroscopy offers a new way to quantitatively analyze sugar reactions in plants. This in situ method accurately measures sugars like maltose and glucose during enzymatic saccharification, but models are enzyme-specific.

Keywords:
Raman spectroscopySugarchemometricsplant analysisquantitative analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Saccharification reactions are crucial in plant biology and industrial processes.
  • Existing methods for analyzing saccharification products can be time-consuming and may require sample destruction.
  • There is a need for rapid, quantitative, and in situ analytical techniques for monitoring these processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel Raman spectroscopy-based technique for the quantitative analysis of saccharification reactions.
  • To establish prediction models for monitoring maltose, glucose, and starch during enzymatic hydrolysis.
  • To assess the reliability and applicability of the technique for in situ analysis in plant tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a microvolume, quantitative, in situ Raman spectroscopy technique.
  • Application of multivariate analysis, specifically partial least squares regression (PLSR), to build prediction models.
  • Optimization of spectral regions to avoid interference from plant biomolecules like proteins and lipids.
  • Validation of models by comparing results with a conventional analytical method.

Main Results:

  • Accurate quantitative prediction models for maltose, glucose, and starch were successfully built using PLSR for α-amylase.
  • The Raman spectroscopy technique demonstrated good agreement with conventional methods for α-amylase-catalyzed reactions.
  • Model performance was less precise for other enzymes, such as β-amylase, indicating enzyme-specific model validity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Raman spectroscopy technique is a reliable and useful tool for sugar analysis in saccharification processes.
  • The in situ and quantitative nature of the method makes it suitable for studying plant tissues.
  • Prediction models are enzyme-specific and must be validated for each enzyme used in saccharification.