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Defect transitions in nematic liquid-crystal capillary bridges.

Perry W Ellis1, Shengnan Huang1, Susannah Klaneček1

  • 1School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA.

Physical Review. E
|May 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The aspect ratio of nematic liquid crystal capillary bridges controls defect transitions between ring and point structures, exhibiting hysteresis. Bridge shape dictates defect type, with hyperbolic defects in waistlike and radial defects in barrel-like configurations.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Nematic liquid crystals exhibit complex defect structures.
  • Capillary bridges confine liquid crystals, influencing their behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate defect structure and director configuration in nematic liquid crystal capillary bridges.
  • Understand the influence of aspect ratio and surface shape on defect transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental observation of liquid crystal capillary bridges.
  • Computational modeling of defect structures and director configurations.

Main Results:

  • Tuning the aspect ratio induces a transition between ring and point defects.
  • This transition shows hysteresis due to metastable point-defect structures.
  • Capillary bridge surface shape determines defect type: hyperbolic for waistlike, radial for barrel-like.

Conclusions:

  • Aspect ratio and surface geometry are critical parameters for controlling defect structures in liquid crystal capillary bridges.
  • The observed hysteresis provides insight into the dynamic behavior of these systems.