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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Postconditioning with Lactate-enriched Blood for Cardioprotection in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
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Complete Heart Block Complicating ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Temporal Trends and Association With

Prakash Harikrishnan1, Tanush Gupta1, Chandrasekar Palaniswamy2

  • 1New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.

JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology
|May 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complete heart block (CHB) incidence slightly increased in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, remaining linked to significantly higher mortality. Despite declining pacemaker use, in-hospital death rates for CHB patients did not change over a decade.

Keywords:
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctioncomplete heart blockin-hospital mortalitypacemakertrends

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Limited data exists on complete heart block (CHB) incidence and outcomes in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients receiving modern treatments.
  • Understanding CHB's impact in contemporary STEMI management is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the association between CHB and patient outcomes following STEMI.
  • To examine temporal trends in CHB incidence and outcomes complicating STEMI.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the National Inpatient Sample database (2003-2012) for STEMI patients (≥18 years).
  • Identified patients with concomitant CHB diagnosis.
  • Employed multivariable logistic regression to analyze CHB's association with outcomes and temporal trends.

Main Results:

  • CHB was present in 2.2% of 2,273,853 STEMI patients, with incidence rising slightly from 2.1% to 2.3% (2003-2012).
  • STEMI patients with CHB exhibited higher in-hospital mortality (20.4% vs. 8.7%), independent of STEMI location, particularly in anterior STEMI.
  • While permanent pacemaker implantation decreased, in-hospital mortality for CHB patients remained unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • CHB incidence in STEMI has marginally increased but remains low.
  • CHB continues to be associated with elevated in-hospital mortality in STEMI patients, even with prompt reperfusion.
  • Risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality for STEMI patients with CHB showed no significant change during the study period.