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Hydroxytyrosol and olive leaf extract exert cardioprotective effects by inhibiting GRP78 and CHOP expression

Li-Xing Wu1, Yu-Yu Xu1, Zhi-Jian Yang2

  • 1Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.

Journal of Biomedical Research
|May 16, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Olive leaf extract (OLE) and hydroxytyrosol protect against heart damage by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. This finding offers a new therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Cellular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Myocardial infarction (MI) causes significant cell death and biochemical alterations.
  • Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is implicated in MI-induced apoptosis.
  • Identifying novel therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the cardioprotective effects of olive leaf extract (OLE) and hydroxytyrosol.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms involving endoplasmic reticulum stress.
  • To explore potential new treatments for myocardial infarction.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro: H9c2 cells treated with cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to induce hypoxia and ER stress.
  • In vivo: Myocardial infarction induced in SD rats using isoproterenol; rats pretreated with OLE.
  • Assessed cell viability, apoptosis markers (GRP78, CHOP), cardiac function (ejection fraction, fractional shortening), and cardiac histology.

Main Results:

  • Hydroxytyrosol protected H9c2 cells from CoCl2-induced apoptosis, reducing GRP78 and CHOP expression.
  • OLE pretreatment ameliorated isoproterenol-induced cardiac dysfunction and damage in rats.
  • OLE reversed the upregulation of GRP78 and CHOP in the in vivo model.

Conclusions:

  • OLE and hydroxytyrosol demonstrate significant cardioprotective effects.
  • The mechanism involves the modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways.
  • Targeting ER stress presents a promising strategy for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.

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