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Environmental suitability models predict population density, performance and body condition for microendemic

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Environmental suitability strongly influences species abundance. For Hydromantes flavus salamanders, higher suitability areas supported 30x greater density, linked to better individual performance and fitness.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Zoology
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Species abundance varies significantly across their geographic ranges.
  • Environmental suitability is increasingly linked to population abundance, but underlying mechanisms require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms linking environmental suitability to population abundance in the microendemic salamander Hydromantes flavus.
  • To test hypotheses relating environmental suitability to population density, activity, food intake, and body condition.

Main Methods:

  • Species distribution models were used to assess environmental suitability across the Hydromantes flavus range.
  • Population density, activity levels, food intake (stomach fullness), and body condition index were measured in multiple populations.

Main Results:

  • Salamander density was up to 30 times higher in high-suitability sites compared to low-suitability sites.
  • Higher suitability sites exhibited increased salamander activity near the surface and a lower frequency of empty stomachs.
  • Body condition index was better in the most suitable sites, even when accounting for seasonal variations.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental suitability directly impacts population abundance through variations in individual performance and fitness.
  • Mechanisms mediating the relationship include differences in activity patterns and resource availability, reflected in feeding success and body condition.