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Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Performing a Simple Data Analysis using MS-Excel Function01:17

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Microsoft Excel offers a suite of functions and tools ideal for statistical analysis, making it accessible to students and researchers. This article outlines fundamental Excel functions pivotal for data analysis.
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Production and Characterization of Human Macrophages from Pluripotent Stem Cells
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A Simple Multistep Protocol for Differentiating Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Functional Macrophages.

Chandrayana Mukherjee1,2, Christine Hale2, Subhankar Mukhopadhyay3

  • 1Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|May 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can be differentiated into functional macrophages. This protocol offers a valuable alternative to existing human macrophage models, overcoming limitations of cell lines and primary cells.

Keywords:
DifferentiationHuman induced pluripotent stem cellInfectionInflammationInnate immunityMacrophages

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Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Differentiation

Background:

  • Existing models for human macrophages, such as cell lines and primary monocyte-derived macrophages, have limitations.
  • Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer a promising alternative source for generating human macrophages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a simple, multistep protocol for differentiating hiPSCs into functional macrophages.
  • To provide detailed technical procedures and culture conditions for hiPSC-derived macrophage generation.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of three germ-line containing embryoid bodies (EBs) from hiPSCs.
  • Generation of myeloid precursors from EBs.
  • Maturation of myeloid precursors into functional macrophages using specific cytokines and growth factors.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed a straightforward protocol for hiPSC differentiation into functional macrophages.
  • The protocol involves key steps including EB formation, myeloid precursor generation, and final macrophage maturation.

Conclusions:

  • hiPSC-derived macrophages represent a valuable tool for studying human macrophages.
  • This protocol overcomes limitations associated with current macrophage models, offering a scalable and reproducible alternative.