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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

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Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

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The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes00:46

Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes

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The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
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The Synthesis of RGD-functionalized Hydrogels as a Tool for Therapeutic Applications
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A Primer for the Rat Genome Database (RGD).

Stanley J F Laulederkind1, G Thomas Hayman2, Shur-Jen Wang2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin and Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA. slaulede@mcw.edu.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|May 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The Rat Genome Database (RGD) provides comprehensive, curated data on laboratory rats, crucial for understanding human health and disease. Explore RGD for insights into rat genes, diseases, and phenotypes.

Keywords:
DatabaseGeneGenomicsOntologyQuantitative trait locusRat

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Comparative Medicine

Background:

  • The laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus) is a vital model organism in biomedical research.
  • Rat research findings have significant implications for human physiology and disease understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the Rat Genome Database (RGD).
  • To demonstrate how to utilize RGD for exploring functional data in rats.

Main Methods:

  • Accessing and navigating the Rat Genome Database (RGD) website.
  • Utilizing curated data on genes, QTLs, and strains.
  • Exploring disease associations, phenotypes, and molecular functions.

Main Results:

  • RGD offers a centralized repository of diverse, curated rat data.
  • The database facilitates in-depth exploration of rat genetics and biology.
  • Examples illustrate effective use of RGD for research.

Conclusions:

  • The Rat Genome Database is an indispensable resource for researchers studying rat models.
  • RGD enhances the understanding of rat biology and its relevance to human health.
  • Effective use of RGD can accelerate biomedical discoveries.