Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What is a Hypothesis?01:14

What is a Hypothesis?

15.2K
A hypothesis can be a simple sentence or statement about a property or any phenomenon observed or predicted for a population. It is usually a claim about a  property of the population. It can be stated for any field observations or experiments. A hypothesis statement cannot be said to be right or wrong as it is merely a statement. It needs to be tested through an elaborate data collection process and an appropriate statistical test. A hypothesis should be a general but not a vague...
15.2K
Types of Hypothesis Testing01:11

Types of Hypothesis Testing

28.1K
There are three types of hypothesis tests: right-tailed, left-tailed, and two-tailed.
When the null and alternative hypotheses are stated, it is observed that the null hypothesis is a neutral statement against which the alternative hypothesis is tested. The alternative hypothesis is a claim that instead has a certain direction. If the null hypothesis claims that p = 0.5, the alternative hypothesis would be an opposing statement to this and can be put either p > 0.5, p < 0.5, or p...
28.1K
Errors In Hypothesis Tests01:14

Errors In Hypothesis Tests

6.1K
When performing a hypothesis test, there are four possible outcomes depending on the actual truth (or falseness) of the null hypothesis and the decision to reject or not.
6.1K
Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence01:16

Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence

8.2K
The test of independence is a chi-square-based test used to determine whether two variables or factors are independent or dependent. This hypothesis test is used to examine the independence of the variables. One can construct two qualitative survey questions or experiments based on the variables in a contingency table. The goal is to see if the two variables are unrelated (independent) or related (dependent). The null and alternative hypotheses for this test are:
H0: The two variables (factors)...
8.2K
Statistical Hypothesis Testing01:16

Statistical Hypothesis Testing

7.0K
Hypothesis testing is a critical statistical procedure facilitating informed, evidence-based decisions. It begins with a hypothesis, which is a tentative explanation, or a prediction about a population parameter. This hypothesis can be either a null hypothesis (H0), indicating no effect or difference, or an alternative hypothesis (Ha), suggesting an effect or difference.
Statistical significance measures the probability that an observed result occurred by chance. If this probability, known as...
7.0K
Facial Feedback Hypothesis01:24

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

685
Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role...
685

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Crop rotations with legumes, cover crops and adjusted N management have better environmental performance than maize-wheat double cropping, but lower productivity.

Journal of environmental management·2026
Same author

Farm resilience to climatic risk. A review.

Agronomy for sustainable development·2025
Same author

Fate of fluoroquinolones associated with antimicrobial resistance in circular periurban agriculture.

The Science of the total environment·2024
Same author

The effect of adding physician recommendation in digitally-enabled outreach for COVID-19 vaccination in socially/economically disadvantaged populations.

BMC public health·2024
Same author

Survey data on livelihoods and inputs and outputs of crop production in Quzhou county on the North China Plain.

Data in brief·2024
Same author

A systematic review of the methodology of trade-off analysis in agriculture.

Nature food·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Transition of Farm Pigs to Research Pigs using a Designated Checklist followed by Initiation of Clicker Training - a Refinement Initiative
07:59

Transition of Farm Pigs to Research Pigs using a Designated Checklist followed by Initiation of Clicker Training - a Refinement Initiative

Published on: August 21, 2021

6.3K

Capturing farm diversity with hypothesis-based typologies: An innovative methodological framework for farming system

Stéphanie Alvarez1, Carl J Timler1, Mirja Michalscheck1

  • 1Farming Systems Ecology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Plos One
|May 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Developing farm typologies requires a hypothesis-driven approach. Methodological choices significantly impact results, highlighting the need for expert knowledge integration in smallholder farming system analysis.

More Related Videos

A Methodology for Capturing Joint Visual Attention Using Mobile Eye-Trackers
12:39

A Methodology for Capturing Joint Visual Attention Using Mobile Eye-Trackers

Published on: January 18, 2020

8.2K
Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing
09:44

Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing

Published on: December 23, 2022

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Transition of Farm Pigs to Research Pigs using a Designated Checklist followed by Initiation of Clicker Training - a Refinement Initiative
07:59

Transition of Farm Pigs to Research Pigs using a Designated Checklist followed by Initiation of Clicker Training - a Refinement Initiative

Published on: August 21, 2021

6.3K
A Methodology for Capturing Joint Visual Attention Using Mobile Eye-Trackers
12:39

A Methodology for Capturing Joint Visual Attention Using Mobile Eye-Trackers

Published on: January 18, 2020

8.2K
Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing
09:44

Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing

Published on: December 23, 2022

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • System Analysis
  • Socioeconomics

Background:

  • Smallholder farming systems exhibit significant heterogeneity.
  • Existing typological methods often rely on statistical analysis.
  • Methodological decisions can heavily influence typology outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the impact of methodological choices on farm typology creation.
  • To illustrate the effect of different analytical perspectives and hypotheses.
  • To propose a framework for hypothesis-based typology construction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA).
  • Developed five distinct typologies based on three expert-informed hypotheses.
  • Applied methods to data from Zambia's Eastern Province.

Main Results:

  • Methodological variations led to significant differences in typology results.
  • Overlaps were primarily observed for larger, wealthier farm types.
  • Limited overlap was found for other farm categories, indicating sensitivity to methodology.

Conclusions:

  • Typology development should be guided by a clear hypothesis on local agricultural features and differentiation drivers.
  • Integrating participatory and statistical methods within a hypothesis-based framework is crucial.
  • This approach enhances objectivity and contextual relevance in quantitative farm typologies.