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The emerging role of oncolytic virus therapy against cancer

Luke Russell1, Kah-Whye Peng2

  • 1Vyriad, Rochester, MN, USA.

Chinese Clinical Oncology
|May 17, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic virus therapy uses engineered viruses to target and destroy cancer cells. Approved therapies include echovirus, adenovirus, and herpes simplex-1 virus, with many others in clinical trials.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a promising cancer treatment modality.
  • Several OV platforms are progressing through clinical development for various cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current clinical advancements in oncolytic viral therapy.
  • To highlight approved viral platforms and their benefits.
  • To discuss emerging OV designs and future directions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical advancements in oncolytic viral therapy.
  • Analysis of approved oncolytic viruses (echovirus, adenovirus, herpes simplex-1 virus).
  • Examination of design features for selected viruses in clinical testing (adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, measles virus, retrovirus, reovirus, vaccinia virus, vesicular stomatitis virus).

Main Results:

  • Three oncolytic viruses have received regulatory approval in Latvia, China, USA, and EU.
  • Numerous recombinant viruses from diverse families are undergoing clinical trials.
  • Specific design features of various viral platforms are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic viral therapy is a rapidly expanding field with significant clinical progress.
  • Combination therapies, particularly with immune-modulating drugs, show future potential.
Keywords:
Cancerantitumor immunityoncolyticvirus

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