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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control
Published on: September 11, 2019
Uncertainty in monetary cost estimates for assessing working postures using inclinometry, observation or self-report
Amanda Waleh Åström1, Marina Heiden1, Svend Erik Mathiassen1
1Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, SE-801 76, Gävle, Sweden.
Estimating the cost of posture measurement methods reveals significant uncertainty. Self-report is generally the least expensive and most certain option for collecting posture data.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Ergonomics
- Workplace Safety
Background:
- Accurate measurement of working postures is crucial for assessing physical workloads.
- Traditional cost estimation methods may not fully capture the variability in data collection expenses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate and compare the cost uncertainties associated with different methods for collecting posture data: inclinometry, direct observation, and self-report.
- To provide guidance on selecting the most cost-effective posture measurement strategy.
Main Methods:
- A scenario analysis was employed to determine the best-case (lowest cost) and worst-case (highest cost) scenarios for each data collection method.
- Costs were calculated for measuring the postures of 28 workers across three shifts in a paper mill setting.
Main Results:
- Self-report presented the lowest costs (€3743 - €23368) and the least uncertainty.
- Observation incurred higher costs (€16506 - €89552) with substantial uncertainty.
- Inclinometry costs ranged from €7613 to €45896, indicating moderate uncertainty.
Conclusions:
- The significant uncertainty in cost estimates highlights the need to consider variability when choosing a posture measurement method.
- Under specific conditions, such as utilizing existing resources, observation could potentially be more cost-effective than inclinometry.
- Incorporating uncertainty assessments into cost estimations is recommended for informed decision-making in selecting posture monitoring techniques.
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