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Hand forces exerted by long-term care staff when pushing wheelchairs on compliant and non-compliant flooring
Chantelle C Lachance1, Alexandra M B Korall2, Colin M Russell3
1Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2635 Laurel Street, Vancouver, V5Z 1M9, British Columbia, Canada; Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract:
Purpose-designed compliant flooring and carpeting have been promoted as a means for reducing fall-related injuries in high-risk environments, such as long-term care. However, it is not known whether these surfaces influence the forces that long-term care staff exert when pushing residents in wheelchairs. We studied 14 direct-care staff who pushed a loaded wheelchair instrumented with a triaxial load cell to test the effects on hand force of flooring overlay (vinyl versus carpet) and flooring subfloor (concrete versus compliant rubber [brand: SmartCells]). During straight-line pushing, carpet overlay increased initial and sustained hand forces compared to vinyl overlay by 22-49% over a concrete subfloor and by 8-20% over a compliant subfloor. Compliant subflooring increased initial and sustained hand forces compared to concrete subflooring by 18-31% when under a vinyl overlay. In contrast, compliant flooring caused no change in initial or sustained hand forces compared to concrete subflooring when under a carpet overlay.
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