The impact of walking speed on interlimb coordination in individuals with Parkinson's disease

[Purpose] Interlimb coordination can be affected by the symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease and may result in an increased risk of falls. The purpose of the current study was to compare changes in interlimb coordination in individuals with Parkinson's disease to healthy older adults while systematically manipulating walking speed. [Subjects and Methods] Participants walked on a treadmill while systematically increasing and decreasing the walking speed between 0.22 and 1.30 m/s. Kinematic data were collected by means of a three dimensional motion capture system. Dependent variables included the phase relation between arm and leg movements as well as between pelvic and thoracic rotation. [Results] Compared to healthy controls, an increased variability in relative phase between left and right arm swing, and smaller amplitude with arm, leg as well as less variability for the phase relation between thoracic and pelvic rotations were shown in individuals with Parkinson's disease. [Conclusion] The increased variability of phase relation between left and right arm swing may be related to the reduced out-of-phase forcing of the arm movements at the shoulders as a result of axial rigidity in Parkinson's disease. It deserves further investigation whether the improvement of the coordination between arms could result in the normalization of parkinsonian gait.