Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 10, 2026
09:12
Characterization of Inflammatory Responses During Intranasal Colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae
Published on: January 17, 2014
13.2K
Comparative genomic analysis of multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates
Fen Pan1, Hong Zhang1, Xiaoyan Dong2
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
Infection and Drug Resistance
|May 17, 2018
Summary
Multidrug resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae is a public health concern. Genomic analysis reveals diverse genetic variations, including single-nucleotide polymorphisms and insertions/deletions, associated with antibiotic resistance in pneumococcal isolates.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Genomics
- Public Health
Background:
- Multidrug resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae poses a significant public health threat.
- Understanding the genetic diversity of antibiotic-resistant S. pneumoniae is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the genomic diversity of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates with varying antimicrobial resistance profiles.
- To identify genetic variations, including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions/deletions (indels), associated with antibiotic resistance.
Main Methods:
- Whole-genome resequencing of 25 pneumococcal strains.
- Comparative genomic analysis focusing on SNPs and indels.
- Phylogenetic analysis to determine genetic relationships among isolates.
Main Results:
- All isolates exhibited substantial numbers of SNPs and indels, with variations linked to specific antibiotic resistance.
- Known antibiotic resistance genes were identified, along with novel candidate genes (regR, argH, trkH, PTS-EII) associated with resistance.
- Phylogenetic analysis indicated similar genetic backgrounds among most isolates, with one exception possibly due to significant genomic variation.
Conclusions:
- Pneumococcal isolates, despite similar genetic backgrounds, display considerable genomic diversity.
- Distinct variations in indel and SNP composition correlate with observed drug resistance patterns in S. pneumoniae.
Related Concept Videos
02:16Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
16.8K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
16.8K
01:20Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups
613
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
613
02:02Genomics
40.9K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
40.9K
03:21Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
9.2K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
9.2K
02:30Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance
37.3K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
37.3K
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
925
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
925