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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

Pulmonary Function Tests

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Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
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Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

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The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
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Overview of Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation01:15

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The systemic and pulmonary circuits are crucial components of the circulatory system, working together to transport blood between the heart, lungs, and the rest of the body. The process begins with pulmonary circulation, where deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary trunk and arteries. Upon reaching the lungs, the blood becomes oxygenated and returns to the heart, specifically to the left atrium, via the pulmonary veins.
The oxygenated blood is sent...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management01:29

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management

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Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a multifaceted approach to reduce symptoms, prevent exacerbations, improve overall health status, and slow disease progression. Key strategies include lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, supportive therapies, and, in some cases, surgery. Here is an overview of the primary COPD management strategies:
Smoking Cessation
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Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
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Pulmonary function tests as outcomes for systemic sclerosis interstitial lung disease.

Melissa Caron1,2, Sabrina Hoa1,3, Marie Hudson3

  • 1Dept of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

European Respiratory Review : an Official Journal of the European Respiratory Society
|May 18, 2018
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Summary

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) track systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) progression. While forced vital capacity (FVC) is preferred, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and total lung capacity (TLC) remain valuable markers.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Rheumatology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a major complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc), significantly impacting patient morbidity and mortality.
  • Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are crucial for monitoring disease progression in SSc-associated ILD (SSc-ILD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the utilization and validation of PFTs as surrogate markers for SSc-ILD progression.
  • To assess the evidence supporting different PFTs in tracking SSc-ILD over time.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of five electronic databases was conducted.
  • Included studies focused on PFTs as longitudinal outcomes or reported their validity in SSc-ILD.
  • 169 outcome studies and 50 validation studies were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Forced vital capacity (% predicted FVC) became the most common primary endpoint after 2010, used in 70.4% of studies.
  • Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (% predicted DLCO) was previously dominant and used in 11.3% of studies.
  • Limited validation studies showed mixed results, with some favoring DLCO and others indicating TLC also has respectable validity.

Conclusions:

  • Despite the current trend favoring FVC, DLCO and TLC should not be disregarded as valuable surrogate markers for SSc-ILD progression.
  • Further research may be needed to definitively establish the optimal PFT or combination of PFTs for monitoring SSc-ILD.