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Related Concept Videos

Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

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A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
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Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

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HIV in Canada: 2009 to 2014.

K Tomas1, P Dhami1, C Houston1

  • 1Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Canada Communicable Disease Report = Releve Des Maladies Transmissibles Au Canada
|May 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses in Canada declined between 2009 and 2014. Increased treatment for HIV-positive mothers led to fewer infant infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health Surveillance
  • Infectious Disease Trends

Background:

  • HIV diagnoses in Canada fluctuated between 2,100 and 2,700 cases annually from 1996 to 2008.
  • Understanding recent trends is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in new HIV diagnoses in Canada from 2009 to 2014.
  • To examine demographic and regional variations in HIV cases.
  • To assess trends in perinatally HIV-exposed infants.

Main Methods:

  • Data compiled from the National HIV/AIDS Surveillance System and Canadian Perinatal HIV Surveillance Program.
  • Analysis included age group, sex, exposure category, race/ethnicity, and region.
  • Included data on perinatally HIV-exposed infants and treatment rates.

Main Results:

  • New HIV cases decreased from 2,391 in 2009 to 2,044 in 2014.
  • The 30-39 age group had the most diagnoses, with an increase in those aged 50+.
  • Males constituted 75% of cases, with men who have sex with men as the primary exposure category; heterosexual contact was most common in females.

Conclusions:

  • The annual number of reported HIV cases in Canada has declined.
  • Treatment rates for HIV-positive mothers increased significantly, leading to a decrease in infected infants.