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Monitoring invasive bacterial diseases in the North American Arctic via the International Circumpolar Surveillance

S Desai1, Y A Li1, T Zulz2

  • 1Centre for Immunization and Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Canada Communicable Disease Report = Releve Des Maladies Transmissibles Au Canada
|May 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The International Circumpolar Surveillance project monitors invasive bacterial diseases (IBD). A recent meeting noted decreased vaccine-preventable diseases but highlighted the emergence of Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) in Alaska and Northern Canada.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • The International Circumpolar Surveillance (ICS) project is a population-based network monitoring invasive bacterial diseases (IBD).
  • The ICS IBD Working Group convenes to review disease incidence and antimicrobial resistance trends.
  • Surveillance data includes Canadian provinces, territories, and the State of Alaska.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize findings from the February 2014 ICS IBD Working Group meeting.
  • To review trends in invasive diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Group A Streptococcus, and Group B Streptococcus.
  • To identify emerging pathogens and resistance patterns in the circumpolar region.

Main Methods:

  • Review of data from participating Canadian jurisdictions and Alaska up to December 2012-2013.
  • Analysis of audio records and presentations from the 2014 ICS IBD Working Group meeting.
  • Ongoing interlaboratory quality control (QC) program for serotyping proficiency.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of some vaccine-preventable invasive bacterial diseases has decreased.
  • Emergence of *Haemophilus influenzae* serotype a (Hia) was observed in both Alaska and Northern Canada.
  • Antimicrobial resistance patterns were discussed, alongside laboratory quality control initiatives.

Conclusions:

  • While progress has been made in controlling some IBDs, the emergence of Hia necessitates continued surveillance and potential intervention.
  • The ICS network remains crucial for monitoring infectious disease dynamics in circumpolar populations.
  • Maintaining laboratory proficiency through QC programs is essential for accurate pathogen identification and surveillance.

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