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Related Concept Videos

Causes of Social Behavior I: Actions and Characteristics of Individuals01:30

Causes of Social Behavior I: Actions and Characteristics of Individuals

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The actions and characteristics of others heavily influence the causes of social behaviors. Emotional expressions serve as powerful social signals, shaping behaviors and interactions in significant ways. Whether through direct observation or subconscious processing, individuals constantly adjust their responses based on the emotions and attributes of those around them.Emotional Cues and Social ResponsesFacial expressions, tone of voice, and body language provide crucial emotional cues that...
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Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned...
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People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter),...
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Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated,...
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Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Advancing Pathogen Detection and Disease Assessment in Real-Time Using M-ROSE
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Infectious disease, social determinants and the need for intersectoral action.

D Butler-Jones1, T Wong1

  • 1First Nations and Inuit Health Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Canada Communicable Disease Report = Releve Des Maladies Transmissibles Au Canada
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Summary

Addressing infectious diseases demands a multifaceted strategy. Collaboration across sectors is crucial for controlling emerging infections and antimicrobial resistance, moving beyond past complacency.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Historical public health focused on sanitation and living conditions.
  • Germ theory led to vaccines and antimicrobials but also complacency.
  • Emerging infections and antimicrobial resistance necessitate new approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the inadequacy of unidisciplinary approaches to infectious disease control.
  • To emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral collaboration.
  • To outline key principles for effective collaboration in infectious disease management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical and current infectious disease control strategies.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to the emergence and persistence of infections.
  • Identification of principles for effective inter-professional and inter-governmental collaboration.

Main Results:

  • Unidisciplinary approaches are insufficient for modern infectious disease challenges.
  • Collaboration across sectors is essential for comprehensive control.
  • Four principles (respect, practicality, rule of three, offering value) facilitate effective partnerships.

Conclusions:

  • A shift from complacency to proactive, collaborative strategies is vital.
  • Interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral work is key to managing infectious diseases.
  • Adherence to core principles enhances the success of collaborative infectious disease initiatives.