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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

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Physiological and oncogenic roles of the PRL phosphatases

Serge Hardy1, Elie Kostantin1,2, Teri Hatzihristidis1,3

  • 1Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, Montréal, Canada.

The FEBS Journal
|May 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The Phosphatase of Regenerative Liver (PRL) proteins are highly expressed in cancers and play key roles in tumor progression. This review details their biology, functions, and novel links to magnesium homeostasis via CNNM proteins.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The Phosphatase of Regenerative Liver (PRL) family (PRL-1, -2, -3; PTP4A1, PTP4A2, PTP4A3) is implicated in various cancers.
  • Understanding PRL protein functions and regulation is crucial for cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on PRL biology, including evolution, gene expression, and functions in cancer and normal physiology.
  • To highlight the novel role of PRL proteins in regulating magnesium homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of PRL family members.
  • Analysis of in vivo mouse models for PRL functions.
  • Integration of data on PRL interaction with CNNM proteins.

Main Results:

  • PRL proteins are highly expressed across numerous cancer types.
  • PRL proteins are involved in solid tumors, hematological cancers, and normal physiological processes.
  • A novel association between PRL proteins and CNNM proteins in magnesium transport and homeostasis has been identified.

Conclusions:

  • PRL proteins are significant regulators in cancer and normal physiology.
  • PRL proteins represent a novel link to magnesium homeostasis, mediated by CNNM proteins.
  • Further research into PRL-CNNM interactions may offer new therapeutic strategies for cancer.
Keywords:
CNNMPRL phosphatasePTP4Acancermagnesiumphosphatase regenerating liverphysiologyprotein tyrosine phosphataseregulationsignaling

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