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Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy in Young Infants

Nathan M Krah1, Jared Olson2, Emily A Thorell1

  • 1Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
|May 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy is safe for young infants after hospital discharge. This treatment approach showed no disease progression or treatment failure in a study of 53 infants, with manageable catheter complication rates.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is increasingly used for pediatric patients.
  • Data on the safety and efficacy of OPAT in very young infants (<3 months) is limited.
  • Assessing clinical outcomes in this vulnerable population is crucial for guiding treatment protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical outcomes of young infants (<3 months) receiving OPAT after hospital discharge.
  • To determine the incidence of treatment failure, disease progression, and catheter-related complications in this cohort.
  • To compare outcomes in young infants with those of older children receiving OPAT.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of clinical data for 53 infants under 3 months of age treated with OPAT.
  • Analysis of treatment success, defined as absence of treatment failure or disease progression.
  • Documentation and assessment of catheter-related complications.
  • Comparison of complication rates with historical data from older pediatric patients.

Main Results:

  • No instances of treatment failure or disease progression were observed in the 53 infants studied.
  • A 9% rate of catheter-related complications was reported.
  • The complication rate in young infants was not statistically different from that observed in older children.

Conclusions:

  • OPAT is a safe and effective treatment option for young infants following discharge from a children's hospital.
  • The risk of catheter-related complications in this age group is comparable to older pediatric populations.
  • These findings support the expanded use of OPAT in carefully selected young infants.

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