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Genetics, genomics and personalized medicine in Type 2 diabetes: a perspective on the Arab region
Khalid Siddiqui1, Shivani Tyagi2
1Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 245, Riyadh 11411, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a wide-spread, chronic metabolic disorder, affecting millions of people worldwide. The epidemic of diabetes has placed a huge strain on public health, longevity and economy. T2D occurs as a result of both genetic and environmental factors and is heterogeneous in its presentation across individuals. This review gives an overview of the genetic variations identified by genome-wide association studies which predispose individuals to T2D and those which are responsible for variable drug response across patients, and the necessity to adopt a personalized approach to diabetes management. We also include a perspective on diabetes in Arabs, given the high incidence of T2D and consanguineous marriages, and the need to understand associated genetic components in this vulnerable population.
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