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A task-invariant cognitive reserve network.

Yaakov Stern1, Yunglin Gazes1, Qolomreza Razlighi1

  • 1Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, 630 W 168(th) St, P&S Box 16, New York, NY, 10032, USA.

Neuroimage
|May 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists identified a task-invariant cognitive reserve (CR) network active across many tasks. This network

Keywords:
Cognitive agingCortical thicknessIQMultivariate imaging analysisfMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Cognitive reserve (CR) explains individual differences in cognitive impairment susceptibility despite brain changes.
  • Existing evidence suggests CR aids performance maintenance across cognitive domains facing pathology.
  • The need for a unified, task-invariant CR network remains to be identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify a single, task-invariant cognitive reserve network.
  • To determine if this network's expression correlates with intelligence (IQ) as a proxy for CR.
  • To investigate the network's role in moderating brain structure and cognitive performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized neuroimaging data from 255 individuals (ages 20-80) performing 12 distinct cognitive tasks.
  • Employed an iterative approach to derive a multivariate network active during all tasks.
  • Correlated network expression with IQ and validated findings on independent datasets and tasks.

Main Results:

  • A task-invariant network was identified, consistently expressed across diverse cognitive tasks.
  • Network expression significantly correlated with IQ across different datasets and tasks.
  • CR network expression explained additional variance in fluid reasoning, moderating the effect of cortical thickness.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified a task-invariant cognitive reserve network, supporting its role in maintaining cognitive function.
  • This network's expression, linked to IQ, suggests life experiences shape brain processing for resilience.
  • Findings support the concept of CR providing a buffer against age- or disease-related cognitive decline across various tasks.