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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity
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Measuring Physical Activity With Implanted Cardiac Devices: A Systematic Review.

Lindsey Rosman1, Rachel Lampert2, Samuel F Sears3,4

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT lindsey.rosman@yale.edu.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|May 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Device-measured physical activity (D-PA) from pacemakers can predict cardiovascular outcomes. While promising for remote monitoring, challenges in D-PA data interpretation and measurement need addressing for wider clinical use.

Keywords:
accelerometercardiovascular implantable electronic devicedevice‐derived activityexerciseimplantable cardioverter‐defibrillatorphysical activity

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Physical activity is crucial for cardiovascular health but often unassessed in patients with implantable devices.
  • Current cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) offer continuous activity monitoring via accelerometers.
  • This presents opportunities for remote assessment, clinical status detection, and risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review the literature on device-measured physical activity (D-PA) in CIED patients.
  • To identify methodological issues affecting the interpretation of D-PA study results.
  • To assess the utility of D-PA in predicting cardiovascular outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of D-PA studies published between January 1, 1995, and December 30, 2017.
  • Inclusion of 29 studies, including 5 validation reports.
  • Analysis of data reporting, sensor details, and analytical procedures.

Main Results:

  • Heterogeneous methods for D-PA data analysis and interpretation were identified.
  • Few studies reported detailed technical specifications of D-PA sensors.
  • D-PA, especially when combined with other device data, showed modest-to-good sensitivity in predicting heart failure, hospitalization, and mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Device-measured physical activity shows potential for assessing activity and predicting outcomes in CIED patients.
  • Combining D-PA with other device parameters enhances its predictive value.
  • Future research should focus on standardizing D-PA measurement and interpretation for broader clinical application.