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Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
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Sequences are fundamental mathematical objects consisting of ordered lists of numbers that follow a specific rule or pattern. Sequences are critical in various mathematical concepts, including calculus, series, and number theory. They can model real-world phenomena such as population growth, financial investments, and physical processes like the diminishing height of a bouncing ball.Each number in a sequence is referred to as a term. Typically, the terms are denoted as a1, a2, a3,…, where...
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DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
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An arithmetic sequence is a structured arrangement of numbers where each term is derived by adding a constant value, known as the common difference, to the previous term. This consistent pattern allows for the efficient computation of any term within the sequence as well as the cumulative sum of multiple terms. The formula for finding the nth term of an arithmetic sequence is:Here, aₙ represents the nth term of the sequence, a is the first term, d is the common difference, and n is the...
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In systems where values diminish by a constant proportion at each stage, the resulting sequence follows a geometric structure. Each new value in the sequence is obtained by applying a fixed multiplier to the preceding term. This regular, proportional decline type is often used to represent processes involving gradual loss, such as energy dissipation or reduction in amplitude over time.When analyzing the total effect of such a process across unlimited iterations, the series of values is referred...
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Whole Genome Sequencing of Candida glabrata for Detection of Markers of Antifungal Drug Resistance
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Draft Genome Sequence of New Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Sequence Type 1421.

Kelvin W C Leong1, Louise A Cooley2, Ronan F O'Toole3,4

  • 1School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

Genome Announcements
|May 19, 2018
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Summary

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) is a growing global health threat. This study reports the whole-genome sequence of a new VREfm strain, ST1421, identified in Tasmania.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) poses a significant challenge to healthcare infection control globally.
  • A notable rise in VREfm isolation occurred in Tasmanian public hospitals in 2015.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize a newly identified VREfm strain through whole-genome sequencing.
  • To provide genomic data for a novel VREfm sequence type.

Main Methods:

  • Draft whole-genome sequencing of VREfm isolates.
  • Bioinformatic analysis to determine sequence type.

Main Results:

  • The draft whole-genome sequence of a novel VREfm strain was obtained.
  • This strain was designated as a new sequence type, ST1421.

Conclusions:

  • The identification and sequencing of ST1421 contribute to understanding VREfm epidemiology.
  • Genomic data on novel VREfm strains are crucial for infection control strategies.