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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Plasmonics
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • Light-matter interactions are governed by the spatial structure of electromagnetic fields.
  • Strong light gradients in the near field can induce dipole-forbidden atomic transitions, such as electric quadrupole transitions.
  • Structured light with orbital angular momentum can alter atomic absorption selection rules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically demonstrate strong focusing of structured light with higher-order orbital angular momentum in the near field.
  • To confine a quadrupole field within a nanometre-scale gap of a plasmonic tetramer structure.
  • To utilize a plasmonic crystal as an antenna for robust coupling of light to the quadrupole field.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulation of structured light focusing.
  • Design of a plasmonic tetramer structure with a nanogap.
  • Integration of a plasmonic crystal for enhanced light-plasmon coupling.
  • Analysis of field confinement and alignment tolerance.

Main Results:

  • Achieved strong focusing of structured light with higher-order orbital angular momentum in the near field.
  • Successfully confined a quadrupole field within a tens-of-nanometres gap.
  • Demonstrated robust antenna effect from the plasmonic crystal for efficient coupling.
  • Showcased larger alignment tolerance for incident structured light.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed plasmonic system enables strong near-field focusing of structured light.
  • This platform facilitates the observation of rarely seen dipole-forbidden atomic transitions.
  • The system is a promising platform for exploring light-matter interactions with significant multipolar effects.