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Number line estimation and complex mental calculation: Is there a shared cognitive process driving the two tasks?

Maria Montefinese1,2,3, Carlo Semenza4,5

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AP, UK. m.montefinese@ucl.ac.uk.

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This study reveals a shared cognitive mechanism between mental number line tasks and complex arithmetic. Auditory number bisection and two-digit calculations in healthy adults show significant performance correlations.

Keywords:
Mental number lineNumber bisection taskTwo-digit mental operationsVerbal working memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Experimental Psychology

Background:

  • Number-related tasks, like addition and subtraction, are thought to involve spatial attention shifts along a mental number line.
  • Previous research suggests these tasks engage general cognitive processes and spatial attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if number line estimation and complex mental arithmetic share a common cognitive mechanism in healthy adults.
  • To provide the first evidence for a shared mechanism between auditory number bisection and mental calculation.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed two-digit mental additions and subtractions with visual stimuli.
  • Participants also completed a mental bisection task using auditory numerical intervals.
  • Performance correlations between the two tasks were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Significant correlations were found between performance in the number line bisection task and two-digit mental arithmetic.
  • These correlations were particularly notable for addition operations.
  • This suggests a shared cognitive basis for these distinct numerical tasks.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide initial evidence for shared cognitive mechanisms underlying auditory number bisection and complex mental arithmetic.
  • This supports the idea that spatial representations of numbers are involved in both estimation and calculation.