Glucose-sensitive silicone hydrogel contact lens toward tear glucose monitoring

Accurate and reliable monitoring of blood glucose is needed for the treatment of diabetes, which has many challenges, including lack of patient compliance. Measuring tear glucose is an alternative to traditional finger-stick tests used to track blood sugar levels, but glucose sensing using tears has yet to be achieved. We report a methodology for possible tear glucose monitoring using glucose-sensitive silicone hydrogel (SiHG) contact lenses, the primary type of lenses available in today's market. Initially, we assessed the interpenetrating polymer network, with nearly pure silicone and water regions, existing in the SiHGs using a polarity-sensitive probe Prodan. We then synthesized a glucose-sensitive fluorophore Quin-C18 with a hydrophobic side chain for localization of probe at the interfacial region. Using our glucose-sensing contact lens, we were able to measure varying concentrations of glucose in an in-vitro system. The Quin-C18 strongly bound to the lenses with insignificant leaching even after multiple rinses. The lenses displayed a similar response to glucose after three months of storage in water. This study demonstrates that it may be possible to develop a contact lens for continuous glucose monitoring in the near term, using our concept of fluorophore binding at the silicone-water interface.