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Network-based expression analyses and experimental validations revealed high co-expression between Yap1 and stem cell

Fariba Dehghanian1, Zohreh Hojati1, Fariba Esmaeili2

  • 1Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

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|May 19, 2018
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Summary

Yap1 is crucial for embryonic stem cell self-renewal, acting as a key effector in the Hippo signaling pathway. Its expression and localization change during differentiation, confirming its role in maintaining stemness.

Keywords:
Co-expression networkHippo pathwayStem cellsYap1

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Molecular signaling pathways
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • The Hippo signaling pathway regulates organ size and cell proliferation.
  • Yap1 is a primary transcriptional effector of the Hippo pathway.
  • The precise role of Yap1 in embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal and differentiation is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Yap1 in ESCs and during differentiation.
  • To resolve conflicting observations regarding Yap1's function in stemness.

Main Methods:

  • Co-expression network analysis
  • Differential co-expression analysis
  • Experimental validation
  • P19 cell differentiation studies

Main Results:

  • Yap1 is highly co-expressed with stem cell markers in ESCs, but not in differentiated cells (DCs).
  • Yap1 expression is significantly down-regulated during P19 differentiation.
  • Yap1 translocates to the cytoplasm during P19 differentiation.
  • E2f7, Lin28a, and Dppa4 are identified as potential nuclear regulators of the Hippo pathway in stem cells.

Conclusions:

  • Yap1 is essential for maintaining embryonic stem cell self-renewal.
  • Yap1's activity and localization are critical for regulating stem cell differentiation.
  • Novel regulatory factors of the Hippo pathway in stem cells have been identified.