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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
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A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. Different strategies have distinct action plans. Trial and error involves trying different solutions until one works. For instance, to fix a broken printer, you might check ink levels, ensure the paper tray isn't jammed, and verify the printer's connection to your laptop. This method can be time-consuming but is commonly used. Thomas Edison, for example, used trial and error to find a suitable filament for the light...
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Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
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Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
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Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
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Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm
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Improving serum calcium test ordering according to a decision algorithm.

Daniel K Faria1, Leandro U Taniguchi2, Luiz A M Fonseca3

  • 1Divisão de Patologia Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Journal of Clinical Pathology
|May 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implementing a decision algorithm significantly reduced serum calcium test ordering and duplication. This educational tool improved the adequacy of ionised calcium test ordering, particularly in non-critical patients.

Keywords:
calcium metabolism disorderclinical laboratory serviceclinical practice guideline

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Healthcare Management
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Serum calcium testing is a common laboratory procedure.
  • Inappropriate ordering of calcium tests can lead to increased healthcare costs and unnecessary patient monitoring.
  • A decision algorithm was implemented to guide the appropriate ordering of serum calcium tests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of a decision algorithm on serum calcium test ordering patterns.
  • To assess changes in test utilization and adequacy before and after algorithm implementation.
  • To determine if the algorithm improved the appropriateness of calcium testing.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study comparing serum calcium test ordering in an internal medicine ward before (April 2013) and after (April 2016) algorithm implementation.
  • Patients were categorized as critical or non-critical.
  • Ordering adequacy was assessed based on adherence to the 2014 decision algorithm.

Main Results:

  • Total and ionized calcium tests per patient-day significantly decreased post-algorithm implementation.
  • Test duplication (simultaneous total and ionized calcium) was reduced by 49%.
  • Overall adequacy of ionized calcium determinations increased by 23%, driven by improved ordering in non-critical patients.

Conclusions:

  • A clinical decision algorithm serves as an effective educational tool.
  • The algorithm successfully improved the adequacy of serum calcium test ordering processes.
  • This intervention led to more appropriate utilization of laboratory resources.