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A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
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Synaptic mechanisms of interference in working memory.

Zachary P Kilpatrick1,2

  • 1Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA. zpkilpat@colorado.edu.

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Cognitive tasks show interference, where past trial information biases current responses. A new model explains this visual working memory bias using a recurrent neural network with short-term facilitation, improving memory for repeated targets.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Previous trials in cognitive tasks can influence current performance, a phenomenon known as interference.
  • In visual working memory tasks, responses are biased by the location of targets from preceding trials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a probabilistic inference model explaining history-dependent bias in visual working memory.
  • To link this probabilistic model to the computations of a recurrent neural network.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a probabilistic inference model incorporating short-term facilitation to account for observed bias.
  • Utilized timescale separation methods for a low-dimensional description of trial-to-trial bias.
  • Compared a facilitation model to a static connectivity model using specific task protocols.

Main Results:

  • The recurrent network model with short-term facilitation successfully explains the history-dependent bias in visual working memory.
  • A low-dimensional description of trial-to-trial bias was derived based on target location history.
  • The facilitation model outperformed a static connectivity model in retaining repetitively presented targets.

Conclusions:

  • Short-term facilitation in recurrent networks provides a computational basis for interference effects in visual working memory.
  • Dynamic network connectivity, informed by prior trial observations, underlies adaptive memory performance.
  • Task design, such as repetitive target presentation, can leverage these mechanisms to enhance working memory retention.