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Review and Preview01:10

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In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
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Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
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Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

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Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
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Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output01:19

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Cardiac Output
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The heart beats rhythmically in a sequence called the cardiac cycle—a rapid coordination of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole).
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Cardiac Cycle01:29

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The cardiac cycle refers to the sequence of events that occur in the heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next. It's characterized by alternating periods of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of the heart muscles.
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Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
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Cardiac surgery 2017 reviewed.

Torsten Doenst1, Hristo Kirov2, Alexandros Moschovas2

  • 1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany. doenst@med.uni-jena.de.

Clinical Research in Cardiology : Official Journal of the German Cardiac Society
|May 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review summarizes 2017 cardiac surgery literature, highlighting coronary bypass grafting for complex disease and comparing surgical vs. transcatheter aortic valve replacement. It also covers mitral valve repair and advanced heart failure treatments.

Keywords:
Aortic surgeryAortic valve surgeryCoronary revascularizationHeart transplantationLeft ventricular assist devicesMitral valve surgeryTricuspid valve surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Intensive Care Medicine

Background:

  • Over 21,000 cardiac surgery publications in 2017 indicate a dynamic research field.
  • Conventional cardiac surgery remains a focus, with comparisons to emerging interventional techniques.
  • Perioperative intensive care management is integral to modern cardiac surgical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize key publications in cardiac surgery from 2017.
  • To provide an updated overview of treatment strategies for structural heart disease.
  • To aid clinicians in making informed decisions regarding cardiac surgical interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cardiac surgery publications from 2017.
  • Focus on conventional surgical techniques and comparisons with interventional procedures.
  • Inclusion of perioperative intensive care management aspects.

Main Results:

  • Coronary artery bypass grafting confirmed beneficial for complex coronary disease; percutaneous coronary intervention shows equal outcomes for less complex cases.
  • New guidelines recommend surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement equally for high/intermediate risk patients.
  • Mitral valve repair's prognostic impact and surgeon experience are crucial for primary mitral regurgitation outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac surgery literature in 2017 offers valuable insights for clinical decision-making.
  • Evidence supports specific treatment pathways for coronary, aortic, and mitral valve diseases.
  • Advances in treating tricuspid disease and end-stage heart failure continue to evolve.