Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells release microvesicles with procoagulant activity

Area of Science:

• Cell biology
• Biochemistry
• Biomedical engineering

Background:

• Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) mimic cellular therapeutic effects.
• Adipose-derived MSC (adMSC) are a source of MSCs with therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize EVs produced by adipose-derived MSC (adMSC).
• To investigate the effect of inflammatory stimulation (lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor) on adMSC-EV production and function.
• To determine the procoagulant activity of adMSC-EVs and the underlying coagulation pathways involved.

Main Methods:

• Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles from adipose-derived MSCs.
• In vitro stimulation of adMSCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
• Assessment of EV production quantity.
• Evaluation of EV procoagulant activity using coagulation assays.
• Analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathway involvement.

Main Results:

• Inflammatory stimulation with LPS and TNF did not alter the number of EVs produced by adMSCs.
• adMSC-derived EVs exhibited significant procoagulant activity.
• This procoagulant activity was observed regardless of prior inflammatory stimulation.
• Evidence suggests that adMSC-EVs activate both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of coagulation.

Conclusions:

• Adipose-derived MSC-derived extracellular vesicles possess inherent procoagulant properties.
• The procoagulant activity of these EVs is consistent and not dependent on inflammatory priming.
• adMSC-EVs activate coagulation through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.
• These findings highlight the potential of adMSC-EVs as therapeutic agents in hemostasis and thrombosis.