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Characterizing cellular mechanical phenotypes with mechano-node-pore sensing.

Junghyun Kim1, Sewoon Han1, Andy Lei2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.

Microsystems & Nanoengineering
|May 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mechano-node-pore sensing (mechano-NPS) quantifies cell mechanics to identify cell states. This label-free method distinguishes cell types, malignant progression, and chronological age using mechanical phenotypes.

Keywords:
BiosensorsLabel-freeMechanical phenotypingMicrofluidicsNode-Pore Sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Cellular mechanical properties vary with differentiation, age, and malignancy.
  • These mechanical changes offer potential as label-free biomarkers for cell states.
  • Existing methods may require cell labeling, limiting applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate mechano-node-pore sensing (mechano-NPS) for multi-parametric single-cell mechanical analysis.
  • To define and utilize the whole-cell deformability index (wCDI) for discriminating cell types and states.
  • To correlate cell mechanical recovery time with cellular transformation and cytoskeletal organization.

Main Methods:

  • Developed mechano-NPS, a four-terminal current measurement in a microfluidic channel.
  • Quantified cell diameter, compressive deformation resistance, transverse deformation, and recovery time.
  • Defined the whole-cell deformability index (wCDI) as a measure of compressive resistance.

Main Results:

  • Mechano-NPS successfully distinguished malignant (MCF-7, A549) from non-malignant (MCF-10A, BEAS-2B) cell lines using wCDI and transverse deformation.
  • Cell recovery time (ΔTr) categorization (instantaneous, transient, prolonged) correlated with cellular transformation and cytoskeletal changes.
  • Mechano-NPS identified mechanical phenotypes distinguishing cell lineage, age, and malignant progression in human epithelial cells, comparable to flow cytometry but without labeling.

Conclusions:

  • Mechano-NPS is a powerful label-free technique for comprehensive single-cell mechanical phenotyping.
  • The wCDI and cell recovery time are effective parameters for discriminating various cell states, including malignancy.
  • This method holds promise for applications in cell biology research, diagnostics, and drug discovery without the need for cell labeling.