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Electrically controlled drug release using pH-sensitive polymer films.

S Ephraim Neumann1, Christian F Chamberlayne, Richard N Zare

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. rnz@stanford.edu.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an electroresponsive drug delivery system (DDS) using a pH-sensitive polymer film. The system enables controlled drug release at low voltages under physiological conditions, improving targeted therapy and reducing side effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Controlled drug release is crucial for effective therapeutics and minimizing side effects.
  • Existing pH-sensitive polymers often require non-physiological conditions for activation.
  • Electroresponsive systems offer precise spatiotemporal control over drug release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an electroresponsive drug delivery system (DDS) operating under physiological conditions.
  • To synthesize and characterize a pH-sensitive copolymer with tunable solubility.
  • To demonstrate controlled release of diverse drug molecules using the developed DDS.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (co-PMMA) with varying monomer ratios.
  • Fabrication of bioresorbable nanocomposite films for drug encapsulation.
  • Electrochemical actuation to induce local pH changes and polymer dissolution.
  • In vitro release studies with model drugs of varying physicochemical properties.

Main Results:

  • Developed a co-PMMA copolymer soluble at physiologically relevant pH values.
  • Demonstrated electrochemically triggered drug release from the nanocomposite film at low voltages (<-2 V).
  • Achieved on-demand release of hydrophilic (fluorescein) and hydrophobic (meloxicam, curcumin) drugs, as well as a polypeptide (insulin) with minimal leakage.
  • Attained a drug loading capacity of approximately 32 wt%.

Conclusions:

  • The electroresponsive DDS is effective for controlled release of various drugs under physiological conditions.
  • This technology holds promise for personalized medicine and localized drug delivery, reducing systemic side effects.
  • The system's adaptability to different drug types and its low-voltage operation represent significant advancements in DDS.