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Related Concept Videos

Dietary Connections01:23

Dietary Connections

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In biological systems, most metabolic pathways are interconnected. The cellular respiration processes that convert glucose to ATP—such as glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle—tie into those that break down other organic compounds. As a result, various foods—from apples to cheese to guacamole—end up as ATP. In addition to carbohydrates, food also contains proteins and lipids—such as cholesterol and fats. All of these organic compounds are used...
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Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
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Carbohydrates: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:15

Carbohydrates: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Carbohydrates are predominantly obtained from plant sources. With the exception of lactose found in milk and insignificant glycogen amounts in meat, most consumed carbohydrates have plant origins. Monosaccharides and disaccharides, or sugars, can be sourced from fruits, honey, milk, sugar cane, and sugar beets. Grains and vegetables are rich in the polysaccharide starch. Two types of polysaccharides provide fiber: cellulose, which is abundant in many vegetables, forms undigestible roughage or...
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Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
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Physiology of Enteric Nervous System and Gut Health01:05

Physiology of Enteric Nervous System and Gut Health

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The gastrointestinal tract, responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, is safeguarded by the intestinal barrier, which consists of secretory, physical, and immune components. At the forefront is the secretory barrier, composed of essential elements such as mucus, gut microbiota, and defense proteins. They collaborate to break down food particles, facilitate nutrient absorption, and maintain optimal gut health. These secretory components ensure the smooth functioning of the...
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Predator-Prey Interactions02:39

Predator-Prey Interactions

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Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
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Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
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Bidirectional interactions between dietary curcumin and gut microbiota.

Liang Shen1,2,3, Hong-Fang Ji1,2,3

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong University of Technology , Zibo , Shandong , People's Republic of China.

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
|May 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Curcumin

Keywords:
BioavailabilityCurcuminGut microbiotaInteractionsMicrobial biotransformation

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Microbiology
  • Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

  • Curcumin, a natural compound, has diverse biological activities but poor bioavailability.
  • Gut microbiota alterations are linked to numerous diseases.
  • Curcumin concentrates in the intestine after oral administration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the bidirectional interactions between curcumin and gut microbiota.
  • To explore curcumin's effects on gut microbiota and microbial metabolism of curcumin.
  • To discuss pharmacological implications for disease treatment and prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on curcumin-gut microbiota interactions.
  • Analysis of curcumin's influence on microbial composition and function.
  • Evaluation of microbial transformation products of curcumin.

Main Results:

  • Curcumin modulates gut microbiota composition and activity.
  • Gut microbes transform curcumin into various metabolites.
  • Some curcumin metabolites may possess enhanced bioavailability and activity.

Conclusions:

  • Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in curcumin's pharmacology.
  • Understanding these interactions can lead to improved curcumin-based therapies.
  • Developing strategies based on microbiota modulation can enhance curcumin's clinical utility.