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Published on: October 17, 2025
White Matter Microstructure and Information Processing at the Completion of Chemotherapy-Only Treatment for Pediatric
Simone J Darling1,2, Cinzia De Luca1,3, Vicki Anderson1,2,4
1a Clinical Sciences , Murdoch Children's Research Institute , Parkville , Australia.
Abstract:
Little is known about white matter microstructure and its role in information processing abilities of children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) early posttreatment. Twenty-one survivors of ALL and 18 controls (7-16 years) underwent neurocognitive assessment. A subsample underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. The ALL group performed poorer on measures of processing capacity, and had widespread areas of decreased fractional anisotropy and increased radial diffusivity. Significant group by white matter microstructure interactions was found when predicting processing speed. Findings provide evidence for an atypical brain-behavior relationship early posttreatment for childhood ALL. Replication in a larger sample is required.
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