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Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations.

Petr Stastny1, Michal Lehnert2, James J Tufano3

  • 1Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University; stastny@ftvs.cuni.cz.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
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Summary

Eccentric hamstring strength is crucial for preventing injuries during sports. Measuring this functional ratio, especially at various speeds, helps improve hamstring resilience and performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Hamstring injuries often occur during eccentric muscle actions (lengthening) when muscles resist external forces.
  • The hamstrings' role in stabilizing the lower limb involves eccentrically controlling knee flexion against quadriceps' concentric knee extension.
  • This dynamic interaction is quantified by the 'functional ratio' (eccentric hamstring strength relative to concentric quadriceps strength).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide standardized instructions for measuring and interpreting eccentric hamstring strength.
  • To detail methods for assessing the functional ratio using isokinetic dynamometry.
  • To offer guidance on addressing hamstring strength deficits and asymmetries.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing isokinetic dynamometry to measure eccentric hamstring strength at various speeds.
  • Calculating the functional ratio by comparing eccentric hamstring torque to concentric quadriceps torque.
  • Comparing sample data to illustrate measurement interpretation.

Main Results:

  • Eccentric hamstring strength testing and training at diverse speeds are vital for enhancing muscle resilience and performance.
  • The functional ratio provides a key metric for assessing hamstring-sport specific functional capacity.
  • Sample data comparison aids in understanding the practical application of these measurements.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate measurement and interpretation of eccentric hamstring strength are essential for injury prevention and performance enhancement.
  • Training programs should incorporate exercises targeting eccentric hamstring strength, particularly at sport-specific speeds.
  • Addressing strength imbalances through targeted eccentric exercises can mitigate injury risk and improve athletic function.