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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications01:24

Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

1.4K
Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Acupuncture in a Rat Model of Asthma
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Acupuncture in a Rat Model of Asthma

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Pharmacogenetics and functional genomics in asthma.

Patrick Ma Sleiman1, Hakon Hakonarson1

  • 1Center for Applied Genomics, 1216E Abramson Research Center, 3615 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104-4318, USA. hakonarson@chop.edu.

Personalized Medicine
|May 23, 2018
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Identifying genetic factors for asthma is challenging. Genome-wide association studies offer a powerful approach to uncover new genetic variants and pathways for personalized asthma medicine.

Keywords:
SNPasthmacopy-number variationgenome-wide associationgenomicsproteomics

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Pulmonology
  • Pharmacogenomics

Background:

  • Asthma is a complex respiratory disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
  • Identifying common genetic variants in asthma pathogenesis has been difficult using traditional candidate gene studies.
  • Few genetic variants affecting treatment response in asthma and allergy have been identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in asthma genetics.
  • To explore the potential of these advances in developing personalized medicine for asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent genetic association studies, particularly genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
  • Analysis of how GWAS can identify novel biological pathways in asthma.
  • Discussion of the translation of genetic findings into personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Genome-wide association studies are more effective than candidate gene approaches for identifying common asthma predisposition variants.
  • GWAS are hypothesis-free, enabling the discovery of previously unknown biological pathways involved in asthma.
  • Advances in asthma genetics hold promise for improving patient outcomes through tailored treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Recent genetic discoveries are paving the way for personalized medicine in asthma care.
  • Genome-wide association studies are crucial for uncovering novel genetic insights into asthma.
  • The future of asthma treatment lies in individualized approaches based on genetic profiles.