Solid phase microextraction of phthalic acid esters from vegetable oils using iron (III)-based metal-organic...

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Materials Science

Background:

• Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are common contaminants in food products.
• Sensitive and accurate methods are needed for PAE analysis in complex matrices like vegetable oils.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and characterize a novel MIL-88(Fe)/GO hybrid composite for solid-phase microextraction (SPME).
• To develop and validate a GC-FID method using the MIL-88(Fe)/GO coated SPME fiber for PAE determination in vegetable oils.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of MIL-88(Fe)/GO hybrid composite.
• Preparation of SPME fiber by covalent bonding of the composite onto a stainless steel substrate.
• Analysis of PAEs in vegetable oil samples using the developed SPME-GC-FID method.

Main Results:

• The MIL-88(Fe)/GO SPME fiber demonstrated excellent durability (>100 extractions).
• The method achieved low limits of detection (0.5-2.0 ng/g) and good linearity (r² > 0.994).
• High repeatability (4.0-9.1%) and reproducibility (5.7-11.4%) were obtained, with good recoveries (83.1-104.1%).

Conclusions:

• The MIL-88(Fe)/GO hybrid composite is a highly effective and durable coating material for SPME.
• The developed SPME-GC-FID method is suitable for the accurate and precise analysis of PAEs in vegetable oil samples.