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Multicellular organisms employ a variety of ways for cells to communicate with each other. Gap junctions are specialized proteins that form pores between neighboring cells in animals, connecting the cytoplasm between the two, and allowing for the exchange of molecules and ions. They are found in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate species, mediate numerous functions including cell differentiation and development, and are associated with numerous human diseases, including cardiac and...
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The cytoplasm of adjacent animal cells can exchange small molecules, ions, and secondary messengers via the communication channels which form the gap junctions. These junctions comprise a few hundred to thousands of molecular channels, each made of two halves, called the connexon hemichannel. A connexon is a hexamer of six transmembrane connexin proteins, which assemble radially, thus forming a pore or channel in the center. One connexon hemichannel docks with a corresponding connexon on the...
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Clinical Proteomics: Closing the Gap from Discovery to Implementation.

Maria Frantzi1, Agnieszka Latosinska1, Georgia Kontostathi2

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Clinical proteomics shows promise but needs validation. Future research should focus on large-scale studies to confirm biomarker utility and improve patient care, supported by publishers and funders.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Proteomics
  • Clinical Proteomics
  • Biomarker Discovery and Validation

Background:

  • Clinical proteomics, applying proteome analysis for clinical purposes, is a rapidly growing research area with over 1000 publications annually.
  • Despite extensive research, the translation of clinical proteomics findings into tangible improvements in patient management remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the value and validity of selected clinical proteomics findings.
  • To assess the progress of implementing clinical proteomics discoveries into patient care.
  • To propose a shift in research objectives towards validation and application.

Main Methods:

  • Review and assessment of existing clinical proteomics literature.
  • Analysis of the requirements for successful implementation of findings.
  • Evaluation of the current availability of resources (biomarkers, technologies, samples).

Main Results:

  • Implementation of clinical proteomics requires well-powered studies in specific populations addressing clear clinical needs with defined use-cases.
  • Support from key scientific stakeholders, including publishers and funders, is crucial for advancing implementation.
  • A significant number of potential biomarkers, technologies, and bio-banked samples are available.

Conclusions:

  • A shift from discovery-focused studies to validation and application studies is urgently needed to demonstrate the practical value of clinical proteomics.
  • The necessary resources for this shift are currently available, making a change in focus feasible.
  • Enhanced collaboration and strategic focus are essential for translating clinical proteomics research into clinical practice.