Functional connectivity during monitoring for visuomotor incongruence

Previous human studies on monitoring for visuomotor incongruence emphasized the contribution of the fronto-parietal network and revealed significant activation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the right rostral inferior parietal lobule. Using functional MRI, this study investigated the brain regions involved in explicit monitoring for incongruence between motor intention and visual and/or proprioceptive information, particularly focusing on the fronto-parietal network. During in-phase bimanual movements, a static image of the participant's own hands was randomly inserted within real-time visual feedback of the movements to produce a mismatch between the actual performance and the visual input. The results of our task were similar to those of previous studies, in that greater activity was observed in the right DLPFC during incongruence conditions than during congruence conditions. However, the anatomical location of the DLPFC cluster was found in a more ventral region, compared with previous studies. Psychophysiological interaction analysis for the entire brain, using the right DLPFC as a seed region, indicated significantly greater functional connectivity with the bilateral dorsal premotor cortex, middle temporal gyri (area V5), and right rostral inferior parietal lobule (area PFt).