Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Exocrine Glands: Types of Secretions01:13

Exocrine Glands: Types of Secretions

3.9K
Exocrine glands produce and release a variety of glandular products. Exocrine glands can be classified into serous, mucous, or mixed types based on their secretory products.
Serous glands produce watery secretions rich in digestive enzymes and proteins. The constituent cells of the serous gland have centrally located nuclei and eosinophilic secretory granules in the cytoplasm. The parotid gland is an example of a serous gland. It secretes saliva, which contains enzymes, such as lipases and...
3.9K
Regulation of Hormone Secretion01:19

Regulation of Hormone Secretion

6.9K
Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral...
6.9K
Hormones Secreted by the Stomach01:25

Hormones Secreted by the Stomach

2.7K
Enteroendocrine cells, accounting for only 1% of stomach epithelial cells, play a significant role in digestion and are classified by their digestive hormone secretions.
Each of these hormones secreted by different enteroendocrine cells plays a unique role in digestion. Here are a few examples:
2.7K
Pancreatic Juice and Secretion01:26

Pancreatic Juice and Secretion

3.1K
Pancreatic juice is a clear fluid produced by the pancreas, containing water, salts, sodium bicarbonate, and enzymes vital for digestion in the small intestine. It helps break down large molecules, facilitating nutrient absorption.
When acidic chyme from the stomach enters the duodenum, it triggers the release of secretin, a hormone that prompts pancreatic juice secretion. After a fatty meal, cholecystokinin, another hormone, stimulates gallbladder contraction and enhances enzyme-rich...
3.1K
Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion01:28

Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

6.9K
Tubular secretion and reabsorption are two critical processes in the nephron tubule of the kidneys. When the fluid filtered from the glomerulus enters the proximal convoluted tubule, it is referred to as filtrate, and its composition changes due to tubular reabsorption and secretion.
Tubular reabsorption is a selective process that starts when the filtrate enters the proximal tubules. It involves substances traveling through the transcellular route (through the tubule cell and peritubular...
6.9K
Reabsorption and Secretion in the PCT01:28

Reabsorption and Secretion in the PCT

3.6K
The Proximal Convoluted Tubule, or PCT, plays a pivotal role in the body's filtration system. They are primarily responsible for reabsorbing solutes and water from the filtered fluid produced by the glomeruli. Most of the filtered water, ions, and organic solutes such as glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed by the PCT.
Transport mechanisms involving sodium ions (Na+) contribute significantly to solute reabsorption. These mechanisms include symport and antiport processes.
A key example is the...
3.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Graphene Nanosensor for the Detection of Small Organic Compounds Using an Insect Olfactory Receptor.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

An Integrative Biophysical and Computational Workflow Uncovers New Allosteric Sites and Modulators of the Human A<sub>2A</sub> Adenosine Receptor.

ACS chemical biology·2026
Same author

G521 is the gatekeeper and a key transmembrane domain contact residue of <i>Candida albicans</i> Cdr1.

mBio·2026
Same author

Acylation of the RTX toxin MbxA stimulates host membrane disruption through a specific interaction with cholesterol.

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes·2025
Same author

Molecular Insights into CLD Domain Dynamics and Toxin Recruitment of the HlyA E. coli T1SS.

Journal of molecular biology·2025
Same author

Structural insights into the substrate binding mechanism of the class I dehydratase MadB.

Communications biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Evaluation of Keratinocyte Proliferation on Two- and Three-dimensional Type I Collagen Substrates
08:19

Evaluation of Keratinocyte Proliferation on Two- and Three-dimensional Type I Collagen Substrates

Published on: April 22, 2019

7.5K

Type I secretion system-it takes three and a substrate.

Kerstin Kanonenberg1, Olivia Spitz1, Isabelle N Erenburg1

  • 1Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.

FEMS Microbiology Letters
|May 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Type I secretion systems in Gram-negative bacteria translocate proteins using a C-terminal sequence. These systems, comprising three membrane proteins, form a channel for diverse bacterial functions.

More Related Videos

Quantifying Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Type III Secretion System Activity Following Iron Starvation and Anaerobic Growth
08:36

Quantifying Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Type III Secretion System Activity Following Iron Starvation and Anaerobic Growth

Published on: May 31, 2024

936
High Resolution Electron Microscopy of the Helicobacter pylori Cag Type IV Secretion System Pili Produced in Varying Conditions of Iron Availability
09:05

High Resolution Electron Microscopy of the Helicobacter pylori Cag Type IV Secretion System Pili Produced in Varying Conditions of Iron Availability

Published on: November 21, 2014

16.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Evaluation of Keratinocyte Proliferation on Two- and Three-dimensional Type I Collagen Substrates
08:19

Evaluation of Keratinocyte Proliferation on Two- and Three-dimensional Type I Collagen Substrates

Published on: April 22, 2019

7.5K
Quantifying Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Type III Secretion System Activity Following Iron Starvation and Anaerobic Growth
08:36

Quantifying Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Type III Secretion System Activity Following Iron Starvation and Anaerobic Growth

Published on: May 31, 2024

936
High Resolution Electron Microscopy of the Helicobacter pylori Cag Type IV Secretion System Pili Produced in Varying Conditions of Iron Availability
09:05

High Resolution Electron Microscopy of the Helicobacter pylori Cag Type IV Secretion System Pili Produced in Varying Conditions of Iron Availability

Published on: November 21, 2014

16.0K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Type I secretion systems are crucial for Gram-negative bacteria.
  • They translocate various proteins involved in nutrient acquisition and virulence.
  • Substrates typically possess an uncleaved C-terminal secretion signal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advancements in the structure, function, and applications of Type I secretion systems.
  • To provide an overview of the molecular machinery involved in protein translocation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on Type I secretion systems.
  • Analysis of structural and functional data of system components.
  • Discussion of current and potential applications.

Main Results:

  • Type I secretion systems are composed of an ABC transporter, a membrane fusion protein, and an outer membrane protein.
  • These components transiently form a channel across the cell envelope.
  • The C-terminal secretion sequence guides substrate translocation.

Conclusions:

  • Type I secretion systems are versatile nanomachineries essential for bacterial physiology and pathogenesis.
  • Understanding their structure and function opens avenues for novel biotechnological applications.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate their complex mechanisms and exploit their potential.